Posa els verbs entre parèntesis en la forma adequada.
1. En anglès, hi ha dos tipus de verbs en el passat simple: els regulars i els irregulars. Els irregulars tenen una forma predeterminada:
sing (infinitiu)→
sang (passat simple).
En la unitat 9 hi ha una llista de verbs irregulars.
Quant als verbs regulars, només cal afegir
-ed a l'infinitiu:
work (infinitiu)→
worked (passat simple). Ara bé, cal notar el següent:
live→lived (El verb termina en
-e.)
rob→robbed ("Rob" té una sil·laba
i l'estructura següent: "consonant + una vocal + una consonant".)
marry→married (consonant +
y +
ed→consonant +
i +
ed)
enjoy→enjoyed (La
y no canvia perquè va precedida d'una vocal.)
Vegem ara la conjugació sencera de un verb regular i d'un altre d'irregular:
work (treballar » verb regular)
I worked (jo vaig treballar)
you worked
he worked
she worked
it worked
we worked
you worked
they worked
sing (cantar » verb irregular)
I sang (jo vaig cantar)
you sang
he sang
she sang
it sang
we sang
you sang
they sang
a He (live) in London until he (die)
b We (play) football last Sunday.
c She (come) in second because she (have) a fall. (come→came, have→ had)
d He (marry) last winter.
e Then, the car (stop) at the traffic lights and a woman (get) out of the car. (get→got)
2. En la negativa, posem did not (o la forma contracta didn't) entre el subjecte i el verb. El verb va sempre en l'infinitiu.
I enjoyed the party. (afirmativa » M'ho vaig passar bé a la festa.)
I did not enjoy the party/I didn't enjoy the party. (negativa » No m'ho vaig passar bé a la festa.)
a She (not want) to meet him.
b We (not believe) them.
c You (not do) your homework yesterday.
d We (not go) to the cinema last week.
e They (not impress) her.
3. En la interrogativa, col·loquem did davant del subjecte. No oblides emprar l'infinitiu.
He robbed the bank. (afirmativa » Ell va robar el banc.)
Did he rob the bank? (negativa » Va robar ell el banc?)
a You (see) the accident?
b He (love) her?
c We (invite) the Adams?
d They (tell) her the truth?
e Sir Alexander Fleming (discover) penicillin?
4. El passat continu o progressiu es forma amb
was o
were + un
verb-ing:
I was cooking dinner when the light went out. (afirmativa » Jo feia el dinar quan la llum se'n va anar.)
She was not doing her homework when I arrived home. (negativa » Ella no feia els deures quan vaig arribar a casa.)
Were they watching TV when she came in? (interrogativa » Veien la tele quan ella hi va entrar?)
a My mother (prepare) a special meal that day, as it was my birthday.
b I (go) to say that, too!
c They (talk) to her when you saw them?
d They (not do) the proper thing when I entered the house.
e We (go) to have a party that night, but my father fell ill and we had to postpone it.
5. No cal dir que el passat simple és el passat del present simple
, i que el passat continu és el passat del present continu. Dit d'una altra manera, el passat simple s'utilitza per a hàbits i accions completes en el passat; i el continu, per a accions incompletes:
My father was fixing the washing machine (acció incompleta)
when I arrived home. (acció completa) (Mon pare arreglava la rentadora quan vaig arribar a casa.)
When the teacher came in, (acció completa)
the pupils stood up. (acció completa) (Quan el mestre hi va entrar, els alumnes es van alçar / es van posar dempeus.)
While I was studying, (acció incompleta)
they were playing cards. (acció incompleta) (Mentre jo estudiava, ells jugaven a cartes.)
a Last year I usually (go) for a walk every afternoon, but now I can't, as I'm very busy.
b She (put) on her best clothes because she (meet) the boy of her dreams that very same evening. She (want) to be very attractive.
c When the fire (begin), we (be) in the dining room.
d When I (meet) her, she (wear) a mini skirt. She (look) beautiful!
e While my mum (watch) a soap opera on television, my dad (read) a comic.
6. Exercici de revisió.
a She (sleep) when I (enter) her room.
b As a child, I (use) to play tennis every Sunday morning.
c She (win) the lottery last year and (buy) a big house.
d I couldn't believe my eyes when I (see) my best friend dressed up as Cinderella.
e While he (have) breakfast, she (have) a bath. When she (finish) her bath, they (go) out together, as they (have) a very important appointment.
f When I (run) into Peter, he (wear) very strange clothes and green hair. I (not recognise) him at first because of his look, but when he (say) hello to me, I (tell) him, "You are beyond recognition with such clothes and hair."
g It was a very special evening, since the girl of his dreams (take) him to a luxurious restaurant in half an hour.
h "You (go) to the zoo yesterday?"
"No, I didn't: the weather (be) awful."
i What lousy weather we (have) last week! It never (stop) raining and (be) very cold.
j When they (get) home, they (sit) down and (have) a hearty lunch.
k If I had known that you (come), I would have made a chocolate cake.
l When we (be) children, we never (do) such things. Everything (be) stricter than now.
m While she (wait) for him, it (start) to snow and she (have) to go home.
n Once upon a time, there (be) a princess who (feel) very lonely because her father had departed this life and her stepmother (be) a sort of an ogre and never (let) her go out or do anything she (like).
o One day she (run) away from home and (meet) an attractive peasant. She (fall) in love with him and they (get) married. They (live) happily ever after.
p He never (tell) the truth, so nobody (believe) him, but one day he (need) help urgently and nobody (help) him because nobody (believe) him, as he always (lie
).
q This time last week, we (sunbathe) on a beach, and today we are working in this horrible factory.
r When the earthquake (destroy) most of the city, I (spend) some days abroad.
s John Lennon (write) some of the best songs in the twentieth century.
t In former times, people (think) that the sun (revolve) around the earth.
u We (stay) at home that night, since it (be) very windy and chilly outside. We (light) a fire, (open) a bottle of champagne and (have) a cosy chat.
v When he (enter) the place, he (hear) the sound of heavy breathing, but (not see) anybody there. He (get) frightened to death, but very soon he (notice) that a homeless man (sleep) under a table.
w She couldn't attend our weekly meeting last night because some friends of hers (come) to town and she (have) to be with them.
x They usually (play) cards on Friday evenings, but when Mr Blake (die), they (cease) playing cards."
y "What you (do) when I (phone) you yesterday?"
"I (do) aerobics."
z "You (inform) the boss of the accident you (have) on Monday morning?"
"No, I didn't, because she would have got very angry with me."