Intermediate English Grammar Step by Step
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infinitive |
simple past |
past participle |
arise
|
arose
|
arisen
|
awake
|
awoke
|
awoken
|
be
|
was, were
|
been
|
beat
|
beat
|
beaten
|
become
|
became
|
become
|
begin
|
began
|
begun
|
bend
|
bent
|
bent
|
bet
|
bet
|
bet
|
bind
|
bound
|
bound
|
bite
|
bit
|
bitten
|
bleed
|
bled
|
bled
|
blow
|
blew
|
blown
|
break
|
broke
|
broken
|
breed
|
bred
|
bred
|
bring
|
brought
|
brought
|
broadcast
|
broadcast
|
broadcast
|
build
|
built
|
built
|
burn
|
burnt, burned
|
burnt, burned
|
burst
|
burst
|
burst
|
buy
|
bought
|
bought
|
cast
|
cast
|
cast
|
catch
|
caught
|
caught
|
choose
|
chose
|
chosen
|
cling
|
clung
|
clung
|
come
|
came
|
come
|
cost
|
cost
|
cost
|
creep
|
crept
|
crept
|
cut
|
cut
|
cut
|
deal
|
dealt
|
dealt
|
dig
|
dug
|
dug
|
do
|
did
|
done
|
draw
|
drew
|
drawn
|
dream
|
dreamt, dreamed
|
dreamt, dreamed
|
drink
|
drank
|
drunk
|
drive
|
drove
|
driven
|
dwell
|
dwelt, dwelled
|
dwelt, dwelled
|
eat
|
ate
|
eaten
|
fall
|
fell
|
fallen
|
feed
|
fed
|
fed
|
feel
|
felt
|
felt
|
fight
|
fought
|
fought
|
find
|
found
|
found
|
flee
|
fled
|
fled
|
fling
|
flung
|
flung
|
fly
|
flew
|
flown
|
forbid
|
forbad(e)
|
forbidden
|
forget
|
forgot
|
forgotten
|
forgive
|
forgave
|
forgiven
|
freeze
|
froze
|
frozen
|
get
|
got
|
got
|
give
|
gave
|
given
|
go
|
went
|
gone
|
grind
|
ground
|
ground
|
grow
|
grew
|
grown
|
hang
|
hung
|
hung
|
have
|
had
|
had
|
hear
|
heard
|
heard
|
hide
|
hid
|
hidden
|
hit
|
hit
|
hit
|
hold
|
held
|
held
|
hurt
|
hurt
|
hurt
|
keep
|
kept
|
kept
|
kneel
|
knelt, kneeled
|
knelt, kneeled
|
know
|
knew
|
known
|
lay
|
laid
|
laid
|
lead
|
led
|
led
|
lean
|
leant, leaned
|
leant, leaned
|
leap
|
leapt, leaped
|
leapt, leaped
|
learn
|
learnt, learned
|
learnt, learned
|
leave
|
left
|
left
|
lend
|
lent
|
lent
|
let
|
let
|
let
|
lie
|
lay
|
lain
|
light
|
lit, lighted
|
lit, lighted
|
lose
|
lost
|
lost
|
make
|
made
|
made
|
mean
|
meant
|
meant
|
meet
|
met
|
met
|
mistake
|
mistook
|
mistaken
|
misunderstand
|
misunderstood
|
misunderstood
|
oversleep
|
overslept
|
overslept
|
overtake
|
overtook
|
overtaken
|
pay
|
paid
|
paid
|
put
|
put
|
put
|
quit
|
quit, quitted
|
quit, quitted
|
read
|
read
|
read
|
ride
|
rode
|
ridden
|
ring
|
rang
|
rung
|
rise
|
rose
|
risen
|
run
|
ran
|
run
|
saw
|
sawed
|
sawn
|
say
|
said
|
said
|
see
|
saw
|
seen
|
seek
|
sought
|
sought
|
sell
|
sold
|
sold
|
send
|
sent
|
sent
|
set
|
set
|
set
|
sew
|
sewed
|
sewn
|
shake
|
shook
|
shaken
|
shed
|
shed
|
shed
|
shine
|
shone
|
shone
|
shoe
|
shod
|
shod
|
shoot
|
shot
|
shot
|
show
|
showed
|
shown
|
shrink
|
shrank
|
shrunk
|
shut
|
shut
|
shut
|
sing
|
sang
|
sung
|
sink
|
sank
|
sunk
|
sit
|
sat
|
sat
|
slay
|
slew
|
slain
|
sleep
|
slept
|
slept
|
slide
|
slid
|
slid
|
sling
|
slung
|
slung
|
slink
|
slunk
|
slunk
|
slit
|
slit
|
slit
|
smell
|
smelt, smelled
|
smelt, smelled
|
smite
|
smote
|
smitten
|
speak
|
spoke
|
spoken
|
spell
|
spelt, spelled
|
spelt, spelled
|
spend
|
spent
|
spent
|
spill
|
spilt, spilled
|
spilt, spilled
|
spin
|
spun
|
spun
|
spit
|
spat
|
spat
|
split
|
split
|
split
|
spoil
|
spoilt, spoiled
|
spoilt, spoiled
|
spread
|
spread
|
spread
|
spring
|
sprang
|
sprung
|
stand
|
stood
|
stood
|
steal
|
stole
|
stolen
|
stick
|
stuck
|
stuck
|
sting
|
stung
|
stung
|
stink
|
stank, stunk (US)
|
stunk
|
strew
|
strewed
|
strewn, strewed
|
stride
|
strode
|
stridden
|
strike
|
struck
|
struck
|
string
|
strung
|
strung
|
strive
|
strove
|
striven
|
swear
|
swore
|
sworn
|
sweep
|
swept
|
swept
|
swell
|
swelled
|
swollen
|
swim
|
swam
|
swum
|
swing
|
swung
|
swung
|
take
|
took
|
taken
|
teach
|
taught
|
taught
|
tear
|
tore
|
torn
|
tell
|
told
|
told
|
think
|
thought
|
thought
|
throw
|
threw
|
thrown
|
thrust
|
thrust
|
thrust
|
tread
|
trod
|
trodden
|
undergo
|
underwent
|
undergone
|
understand
|
understood
|
understood
|
undertake
|
undertook
|
undertaken
|
unfreeze
|
unfroze
|
unfrozen
|
unwind
|
unwound
|
unwound
|
upset
|
upset
|
upset
|
wake
|
woke
|
woken
|
wear
|
wore
|
worn
|
weave
|
wove
|
woven
|
wed
|
wed, wedded
|
wed, wedded
|
weep
|
wept
|
wept
|
win
|
won
|
won
|
wind
|
wound
|
wound
|
withdraw
|
withdrew
|
withdrawn
|
wring
|
wrung
|
wrung
|
write
|
wrote
|
written
|
____________________
Some verbs, such as burn, dream, dwell, etc., have both regular and irregular forms. However, the irregular ones are more common in British English, and in American English, the regular ones (-ed).
Hang is regular when it means "to kill someone with a rope around his or her neck": hanged.
Lie is regular when it means "not to tell the truth": lied (simple past and past participle).
In British English, the simple past and past participle is generally lit. Lighted is normally used before nouns: a lighted cigarette.
Quitted is used mainly in British English.
Written by Miquel Molina i Diez |